In Energy Trading a commodity is generally either a form of energy itself, or a physical material that may be used to easily provide energy, or a related commodity or service. The most common commodities are oil, gas, electricity (power) and coal
Detail
Standard energy commodities are:
Electricity - almost always referred to as Power in Energy Trading environments
Gas - almost always meaning Natural Gas
Sourced from underground Natural Gas fields, and increasingly from shale
Transported in gaseous form transported through pipelines, or liquid form (LNG) in pressurized vessels and purpose built ships
Used in power stations, and directly burned for heating
Oil
Probably the most heavily traded energy commodity
Sourced as Crude Oil from underground oil fields, and increasingly, shale
Mostly refined in refineries to produce fuels for heating, transportation and use in power stations
Transported mostly by ship (tankers)
Coal
Sourced from underground coal deposits
Transported by ship, barge and truck
Biomatter
Fuels that are grown, or made from plants
Parts of plants may be directly burned in power station
Liquid equivalents of gasoline and diesel (biofuels) may be synthesized from plants
Related commodities and services include:
Freight - for moving solid and liquid commodities
Environmental certificates, including carbon
Foreign Exchange, FX
Storage
Capacity
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